Art 23 of the OECD and UN Model treaties are seldom exactly followed in state treaty practice. More often, the basic principles of relief by credit or exemption in arts 23A and B are tailored to meet specific requirements of contracting states.  The United States is a case in point. Since it taxes its citizens…

The recent English Court of Appeal decision in Hargreaves Property Holdings Ltd v HMRC [2024] EWCA Civ 365 http://www.bailii.org/ew/cases/EWCA/Civ/2024/365.html  has again examined the meaning of beneficial ownership and the related expression “beneficially entitled” in UK domestic tax law. It follows shortly after the Tax Court of Canada decision in Husky Energy Energy Inc. v The…

In my previous blog I examined the Tax Court of Canada’s analysis of the meaning of beneficial ownership in tax treaties in Husky Energy Inc. v The King, 2023 TCC 167 in relation to stock or securities lending. This post examines the application of the General Anti-Avoidance Rule(GAAR) in Canada to the transactions. The facts…

Corporate Taxation (CT) Federal Decree No. 47 of 2022 (UAE CT Law) Federal Tax Authority (FTA) Ministry of Finance (MoF) OECD MC Convention (OECD MC) Permanent Establishment (PE) United Arab Emirates (UAE) UN MC Convention (UN MC) 1. Introduction The United Arab Emirates (UAE) announced the introduction of a Corporate Taxation (CT) regime on 31…

Corporate Taxation (CT) Federal Decree No. 47 of 2022 (UAE CT Law) Federal Tax Authority (FTA) Ministry of Finance (MoF) OECD MC Convention (OECD MC) Permanent Establishment (PE) United Arab Emirates (UAE) UN MC Convention (UN MC) 1. Introduction The United Arab Emirates (UAE) announced the introduction of a Corporate Taxation (CT) regime on 31 January…